“Urinalysis is a urine examination that can be used to detect certain medical conditions. This includes kidney problems, urinary tract infections, and diabetes.”
Thedoctormedical , united states – Urinalysis is a simple test that you can do by looking at a urine sample. This test is useful for detecting and managing a variety of disorders, from infections or problems with the kidneys to high blood sugar.
Urinalysis involves examining the appearance, concentration, and content of the urine. For example, a urinary tract infection (UTI) can make urine look cloudy instead of clear. Meanwhile, high protein levels in the urine can be a sign of kidney disease.
Come on, find out more about urinalysis and what diseases can be detected by the following examinations!
Diseases that can be detected by urinalysis
Doing a urine test or urinalysis is one of the most basic ways to assess body health. You can use this examination as part of a medical check-up , diagnose certain medical conditions, or monitor the conditions and medications you are currently undergoing.
Here are some diseases that doctors can detect by undergoing urinalysis:
1. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are very common in both men and women. Some people think that UTIs are only a problem for women, but they can happen to men too. One way to detect it is with a urine test.
The most common symptoms are burning when urinating, especially during intercourse, painful urination, blood, or strong-smelling urine. This disease usually occurs due to the bacteria E. coli .
2. Cancer
Urinalysis is one of the most common and inexpensive methods of cancer screening. This examination can detect the presence of cancer in the body at an early stage.
Some types of cancer that can be detected with this test are cancers of the bladder, ureters, and kidneys. Blood in the urine is a strong indicator of some disease in the body. Be it urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or even in some cases cancer.
3. Detect the cause of high blood pressure
Testing for catecholamine in the urine can help identify high blood pressure due to overproduction of hormones or their metabolites. You can see this in conditions such as Pheochromocytoma, which is when a tumor in the adrenal gland causes excessive production of adrenaline and/or noradrenaline, thereby increasing blood pressure.
4. Sexually transmitted diseases
Routine urinalysis may reveal the presence of organisms that cause sexually transmitted diseases such as trichomoniasis. However, of course there are several other tests that you also need to make a diagnosis.
These include a complete blood count test which includes the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and a urinalysis which may include a urine culture.
Depending on the type of disease, you may need other tests. Therefore, it's a good idea to know the types of tests to diagnose sexually transmitted diseases .
5. Microalbuminuria
Microalbuminuria is a condition that occurs when there is an increased level of albumin in the urine. It is a precursor condition for diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
You need to get tested for microalbuminuria more often in the first few years after type 2 diabetes screening. This is important in preventing End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the ratio of Microalbumin: Creatinine.
The creatinine ratio test provides information about the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the presence of pre-existing kidney disease. A microalbumin:creatinine ratio of 30-300 mg/g (30-300 mg/g creatinine) is considered an early indicator of kidney disease.
If you have microalbuminuria, it doesn't mean you have kidney disease. However, it is important to consult a doctor because you may need to undergo other tests to confirm the diagnosis.
6. Diabetes
The results of high sugar or glucose levels in the urine can indicate this disease. In addition to checking urine, the doctor will also do a blood test to diagnose diabetes .
7. Kidney problems
Urine that contains red blood cells, white blood cells, protein, and looks reddish or dark like tea can be a sign of a disorder or problem with kidney function.
8. Liver disorders
If the urinalysis results show high levels of bilirubin in the urine, it could indicate liver disorders. You may need some additional tests to confirm the diagnosis.
Urinalysis Procedure
Before undergoing a urinalysis, you will need to drink plenty of water in order to provide an adequate urine sample. However, don't drink too much either, because drinking too much water can cause the test results to be inaccurate. An additional glass or two of liquid, which could be juice or milk, is enough for you to undergo a urinalysis.
You also don't have to fast or change your diet before the examination. In addition, tell your doctor about all the drugs or supplements you are currently taking.
Some drugs can affect the results of urinalysis, namely:
Riboflavin .
Metronidazole.
Anthraquinone laxatives.
Methocarbamol.
Nitrofurantoin.
vitamin C supplement
The procedure for examining urine is quite simple and you can do it in a hospital or laboratory. The medic will give you a plastic cup for you to take to the bathroom. There, you can urinate into the container.
However, you may need to provide a clean urine sample. This is to help prevent bacteria from the penis or vagina from getting into the sample. So, before urinating, clean the area around the urethra with a cleaning cloth from a doctor or medical personnel.
Pee a little into the toilet, then just collect the urine into the cup. Avoid touching the inside of the cup, so that the bacteria on your hands don't transfer to the sample.
When finished, close the cup and wash your hands. Then give the cup to the medic. After that, you can return to your activities.
Urinalysis type
You need to know, there are three types of urine tests that doctors can do, namely:
1. Visual test
In this test, the doctor will look at the amount and color of the urine. If the urine looks cloudy, it could be a sign of an infection. The presence of a reddish or brown color indicates that the urine may contain blood.
2. Examination with a microscope
Through a microscope, the doctor can see the presence of certain substances in the urine. Normal urine does not contain red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria or crystals which can be an indication of kidney stones.
3. Dipstick test
In this test, the doctor will insert a thin plastic strip into Be help your doctor look for bilirubin (a product that breaks down dead red blood cells), blood, protein, concentration or specific gravity, changes in pH or acidity, or sugar.
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